Niveaux d’analyse en traduction et en lexicologie ou peut-on déterminer des unités de traduction et de lexicologie ?

Every scientific or systematic study has to determine analytic unities which have the capability of showing the process or proceedings used. After evoking and illustrating the fact that languages are extraordinary creations all with many variations and nuances, the author proves that analysts must therefore carefully study every aspect of a very complicated analysis to establish analytical levels and determine standards and criterions gained. A language is a poly-system which can be translated into another language poly-system without any change or loss in meaning, in other words there has to be equivalence between the two texts of the source language and the target language. The starting point for a translation is a text which is constructed with sentences formed by various words in possible various associations. A sentence is composed of micro-unities and is therefore the macro-unity constituted of composed various “unities of translation” or “micro-unities” which are combined with dialectal micro-unities and prosodic microunities. These micro-unities are in fact « traductemes » with different phrasal functions: plain lexemes and lexemes which are metaphors, metonyms, frozen entities, comparisons, collocations, pragmatems, and culturems. As the translation must transmit in another language the identical message of the original, the unities of the target language must be of the same linguistic level and show the same value, the same intensity as those of the source language without being formally identical.