Abstract: From the letters of May 1871 to the Illuminations, Rimbaud elaborated a poetics with an original formula whose modalities were actualised, deepened, and enlarged by numerous texts of reception in the twentieth century. Habitually neglected, this essential poetic link between Rimbaud’s corpus and the corpus of reception is the object of an investigation with hermeneutic and historiographic stakes which seeks to grasp the emergence of a new critical and theoretical language of modernity.